Native Plants for Moist Soils

There are bunches Pacific Northwest plants for moist sites.

Remember: plant habitats don't sit in only one category, but exist on a gradient.

This article highlights plants that prefer moist soils, but each description states the range in moisture they tolerate. It is part of our Species Selection Guide where we share select collections of plants based on their ecosystem services, site condition needs, or material type.

Which Plants Prefer Moist Soils?

Sound Native Plants specializes in the Salish Lowland and Willamette Valley ecoregions, which are largely covered by temperate rainforest. Many of our native plants require moist soils, it is by far our largest collection. Mulch and natural organic matter helps control soil moisture.

 

These species lists are not comprehensive of the incredible native diversity of our Pacific Northwest region. For fuller lists of SNP favorites, see our Species Descriptions. For more complete databases, we recommend visiting our friends at the University of Washington Burke Herbarium or Washington Native Plant Society.

What Characterizes Moist Soils?

Moist means that the earth is regularly damp, but not total saturation.

However, moist comes in many degrees and variations, from damp to soaking and from steady moisture to fluctuating wet and dry. One person’s moist may be very different than another’s. Most plant descriptions include the species' prefered range. Moisture gradients can also vary by sun exposure. Be mindful of a plant's specific sun and moisture gradients when planning your project.

Some of these plants prefer moist, but well-draining soils. This refers to soils that do not retain much water. They dry out occasionally, especially in the summer months. Well-draining, moist soils do not stay dry for long, perhaps a few hours to a couple days maximum. Plants that require well-draining soils are noted in the Comments section of applicable descriptions. They are frequently plants listed as Moist to dry.

As plant habitats follow a continuum, there is overlap between this list, dry, and wet lists. To learn more about these classifications, visit our Species Descriptions: Terms page.

Unless otherwise stated, all plant information comes from our Species Descriptions, where we invite you to read about more plants native to our Pacific Northwest.

Native Plants for Moist Soils

Plant lists are organized by layer. It is important to consider all layers in any project.

Tree Layer

Photo of mature Abies grandis stand
Abies grandis by Crusier on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Coniferous evergreen to 260 feet; deep, extensive root system

Comments: Requires well-draining soils

 

You can deep dive into grand fir in our Plant of the Month Archive!

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Wet to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous large tree to 110 feet; deep, wide spreading roots

Comments: Super versatile on both the moisture and sun exposure gradients

Photo of mature Acer macrophyllum stand
Acer macrophyllum by WolfmanSF on Wikimedia
Photo of mature Alnus rubra stand
Alnus rubra by Joe Schallan on Flickr

Exposure: Full sun to light shade

Soil moisture: Wet to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Medium

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous tree to 90 feet; branching, fibrous, moderately deep root system with taproot

Comments: Fairly versatile along both the moisture and sun exposure gradients. Great for riparian areas

Pacific flowering dogwood

Cornus nuttallii

Exposure: Part sun to part shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: Medium

Fire tolerance: None

Transplanting success: Unknown

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Multi-stemmed deciduous tree to 60 feet, often much shorter

Comments: Requires moist, but well-draining soils. Assume losses to disease. Plant at an edge with stem in shade

Data from the USDA Plant Characteristics Database and the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center

Photo of Cornus nuttallii in bloom
Cornus nuttallii by Stan Shebs on Wikimedia

Frangula purshiana

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Wet to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Medium

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous tree to 30 feet; fibrous, moderately deep root system with taproot

Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum. Great for riparian areas

Photo of Frangula purshiana
Frangula purshiana by Jesse Taylor on Wikimedia
Photo of Picea sitchensis
Picea sitchensis by Roland Tanglao on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Moderately wet to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: None

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Moderate to rapid

Form: Coniferous evergreen tree shrub to 200 feet; shallow, branching, shallow roots

Pinus contorta v. contorta

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Wet to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: None

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Coniferous evergreen tree to 60 feet; tap root

Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum

Photo of Pinus contorta
Pinus contorta by Walter Siegmund on Wikimedia
Photo of Populus trichocarpa stand
Populus trichocarpa by Daniel Mayer on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Saturated to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: None

Transplanting success: High (both container-grown & live stakes)

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous tree to 160 feet; roots are fibrous and branching, shallow or deep, and extensive

Exposure: Full sun to part sun

Soil moisture: Moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Unknown

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Small, deciduous tree or shrub

Comments: Requires moist, but well-draining soils. Assume losses to disease

Data from the USDA Plant Characteristics Database

Photo of Prunus emarginata in bloom
Prunus emarginata by Dcrjsr on Wikimedia

Pseudotsuga menziesii v. menziesii

Photo of Pseudotsuga menziesii
Pseudotsuga menziesii by Crusier on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full sun to light shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: Low

Fire tolerance: Low

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Moderate to rapid

Form: Evergreen tree to 200 or 300 feet; tap or modified taproot, shallow or deep, widespread root system

Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Moderately dry to moist

Salinity tolerance: Low

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: High (both container-grown & live stakes)

Growth rate: Moderate to rapid

Form: Deciduous tree or shrub to 40 feet; fibrous, moderately deep and widespread roots

Comments: Drier sites and marine shores, roots slowly, often lower success rate than other willows, a shrub-tree that can grow <60' tall

Photo of Salix scouleriana
Salix scouleriana by Matt Lavin on Flickr

Exposure: Partial shade to deep shade

Soil moisture: Wet to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Low

Transplanting success: Medium

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Coniferous evergreen tree to 200 feet with buttressed base; shallow, widely spreading root system

Comments: Tolerates seasonal flooding

Photo of Thuja plicata
Thuja plicata by Colin on Flickr
Photo of Tsuga heterophylla stand
Tsuga heterophylla by Crusier on Wikimedia

Exposure: Partial shade to deep shade

Soil moisture: Wet to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Low

Transplanting success: Medium

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Coniferous evergreen tree to 200 feet; shallow, slow-growing roots becoming wide-spread

 

You can deep dive into Western hemlock in our Plant of the Month Archive!

Shrub Layer

Photo of Acer circinatum leaves
Acer circinatum by El Grafo on Wikimedia

Exposure: Partial shade to deep shade, full sun if ample soil moisture

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Medium

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Deciduous small tree or large shrub to 20 ft; moderately deep root system

Comments: Slower growing, a survivor

 

You can deep dive into vine maple on our blog post, Vine Maples as Foliage Trees for Rubies and Bees!

Amelanchier alnifolia

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: Low

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Medium

Growth rate: Moderate, may be slow to establish

Form: Deciduous large shrub or small tree to 20 feet; tap root, may spread by suckers

Comments: In moist conditions, well draining soils are required

Photo of Amelanchier alnifolia in flower
Amelanchier alnifolia by Walter Siegmund on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Saturated to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Low

Transplanting success: High for container-grown, low or medium for live stakes

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous large shrub or small tree, 5-20 feet depending on site conditions; fibrous, shallow root system, spreads by layering and suckers

Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum

You can deep dive into red-twig dogwood in our Plant of the Month Archive!

Photo of Cornus sericea patch in flower
Cornus sericea by Cephas on Wikimedia

Corylus cornuta v. californica

Photo of Corylus cornuta with nuts
Corylus cornuta by Ayotte, Gilles on Wikimedia

Exposure: Sun to deep shade

Soil moisture: Moist and well-drained to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Medium-high

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Deciduous shrub 4-12 feet; branching, roots, suckers occasionally

Comments: Slower growing, a survivor. Requires moist, but well-draining soils

Gaultheria shallon

Exposure: Partial shade to deep shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Medium to high if shaded, low if not

Growth rate: Slow until established

Form: Evergreen shrub 2-5 feet, sometimes more; very shallow and fibrous root system, spreads vigorously by underground stems once well established

Gaultheria shallon in flower
Gaultheria shallon by Mount Rainier National Park on Flickr

Orange Honeysuckle

Lonicera ciliosa

Photo of Lonicera ciliosa in bloom
Lonicera ciliosa by Walter Siegmund on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Moist

Salinity tolerance: Unknown

Fire tolerance: Unknown

Transplanting success: Unknown

Growth rate: Unknown

Form: Deciduous vine to 20 feet

Comments: Assume transplanting losses; propagated by seeds or cuttings; super cool blue buds in the wintertime

Data from the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Saturated to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Medium

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous shrub to 10 feet; branching, fibrous, shallow roots

Comments: Super plant for hummingbirds and other pollinators

Photo of Lonicera involucrata in bloom
Lonicera involucrata by Joyce Cory on Wikimedia
Photo of Mahonia nervosa in bloom
Mahonia nervosa by EncMstr on Wikimedia

Exposure: Shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Medium

Growth rate: Slow

Form: Evergreen shrub to 2 feet; taproot, spreads by underground stems

Comments: Plant in shade; mulch; irrigate

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Moist but well-drained

Salinity tolerance: High

Fire tolerance: Low

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Moderate to rapid

Form: Broadleaf evergreen shrub to 15 feet

Comments: Requires well-draining soils

You can deep dive into Pacific wax myrtle on our blog post, Pacific Wax Myrtle Hedges for Privacy & Habitat!

Photo of Morella californica with berries
Morella californica by David A. Hofmann on Flickr

Oemleria cerasiformis

Small plum-like drupes hang in clusters and eventually ripen to blackish purple. Photographed by Jim Riley. Burke Herbarium Image Collection.
Small plum-like drupes hang in clusters and eventually ripen to blackish purple. Photographed by Jim Riley. Burke Herbarium Image Collection.

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: Low

Fire tolerance: Unknown

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Moderate to rapid

Form: Deciduous small tree to 15 feet; branching, fibrous, shallow root system

 

You can deep dive into osoberry in our Plant of the Month Archive!

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Moderately moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Low

Transplanting success: Medium to high

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous shrub to 10 feet; moderately deep, branching roots

Comments: Requires moist, but well-draining soils.

 

You can deep dive into mock orange in our Plant of the Month Archive!

Photo of Philadelphus lewisii in bloom
Philadelphus lewisii by Leonora (Ellie) Enking on Flickr
Photo of Physocarpus capitatus in bloom
Physocarpus capitatus by Steve Sullivan on Flickr

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Wet to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: None

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous shrub to 12 feet; fibrous, shallow root system, spreads by suckers

Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum. Great for urban screening or green stormwater infrastructure and rural restoration sites alike!

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Wet to moist

Salinity tolerance: Unknown

Fire tolerance: Unknown

Transplanting success: Medium

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Thorny, deciduous shrub to 8 feet; branching root system

Photo of Ribes divaricatum with fruit
Ribes divaricatum by Nadiatalent on Wikimedia

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Medium

Transplanting success: Medium

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Deciduous shrub to 6 feet; spreads by suckers

Photo of Rosa gymnocarpa in bloom
Rosa gymnocarpa by Samantha Elie
Photo of Rosa nutkana in bloom
Rosa nutkana by Leslie Seaton on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Wet to moist, dry okay if shaded

Salinity tolerance: Low

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous shrub to 10 feet; branched, fibrous, shallow roots, spreads vigorously by suckers

Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Saturated to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Unknown

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous shrub to 8 feet; branched root system, spreads vigorously by suckers

Photo of Rosa pisocarpa in bloom
Rosa pisocarpa by CAJC in the PNW on Wikimedia
Photo of Rubus parviflorus with berries
Rubus parviflorus by Kirill Ignatyev on Flickr

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous shrub 3-8 feet; spreads vigorously by suckers

Comments: Good choice for riparian areas. Very versatile along the moisture spectrum

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Wet to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Medium to high

Growth rate: Moderate to rapid

Form: Deciduous shrub to 12 feet; fibrous shallow roots, spreads by suckers

Comments: Needs moisture in summer, soil cannot dry out completely

You can deep dive into salmonberry in our Plant of the Month Archive!

Photo of Rubus spectabilis in bloom with immature berry
Rubus spectabilis by Jerry McFarland on Flickr
Close up photo of Geyer's willow leaves
Salix geyeriana by Andrey Zharkikh on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full to part sun

Soil moisture: Saturated to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Unknown

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Multi-stemmed deciduous shrub to 15 feet

Comments: Good rooter, prefers year-round saturated soil, inundated banks and muddy shores

Information sourced from OregonFlora and the USDA Plant Characteristics database in addition to our Species Selection Guide.

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Medium

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous shrub to 20 feet; fibrous, branching, shallow root system

Photo of Sambucus racemosa with berries
Sambucus racemosa by David A. Hofmann on Flickr

Symphoricarpos albus

Photo of Symphoricarpos albus with berries
Symphoricarpos albus by korina.info on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Very moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: Medium

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Deciduous shrub to 2-6 feet; fibrous, shallow root system, spreads vigorously by suckers

Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Medium

Transplanting success: Medium

Growth rate: Slow until established

Form: Evergreen shrub to 12 feet; fibrous, shallow root system

Comments: Requires moist, but well-draining soils

 

You can deep dive into our PNW Hucks on our blog post, Huckleberries as Specimen Shrub Candy for your Eyes and Tongue!

Photo of Vaccinium ovatum with berries
Vaccinium ovatum by John Rusk on Wikimedia
Photo of Vaccinium parvifolium with berries
Vaccinium parvifolium by Walter Siegmund on Wikimedia

Exposure: Shade to deep shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Low to medium

Growth rate: Slow until established

Form: Deciduous shrub to 12 feet; deep and spreading, woody roots

Comments: Plant in shade and mulch with wood chips. Irrigate but don't over-water. Requires moist, but well-draining soils

 

You can deep dive into our PNW Hucks on our blog post, Huckleberries as Specimen Shrub Candy for your Eyes and Tongue!

Floor Layer

Photo of Adiantum aleuticum
Adiantum aleuticum by David Hofmann on Flickr

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Medium

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Moderate to slow

Form: Perennial herb to 2 feet, rhizomatous

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

Photo of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi in flower
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Robert Flogaus-Faust on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: Medium

Fire tolerance: Low

Transplanting success: Medium

Growth rate: Slow until established

Form: Evergreen shrub or groundcover to 8 inches, mat forming with stolons

Bloom color: Pinky-white

Comments: Requires well-draining soils

You can deep dive into kinnikinnik and other groundcovers on our blog post, Groundcovers: the Quick, the Evergreen, the Sunny & the Shady!

Athyrium filix-femina

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Wet to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Low

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Moderate to high

Form: Deciduous fern with fronds to 6 feet, from stout rhizomes

Photo of Athyrium filix-femina
Athyrium filix-femina by Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz on Wikimedia
Text "Image Coming Soon!"

Exposure: Partial to full shade

Soil moisture: Moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Loose tufts to 26 inches, no rhizomes

Comments: Slender-foot sedge is one of our only shady-sedges, which makes it a very special plant!

Cornus unalaschkensis

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: Moderate

Growth rate: Slow until established

Form: Soft herbaceous perennial to 10 inches, from slender, fleshy rhizomes

Bloom color: White

 

You can deep dive into bunchberry in our Plant of the Month Archive!

Photo of Cornus unalaschkensis in flower
Cornus unalaschkensis by Scott Elliott Smithson on Flickr
Photo of Dicentra formosa in flower
Dicentra formosa by pfly on Flickr

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Moist, dry in shade okay

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Soft herbaceous perennial to 20 inches, from slender, fleshy rhizomes

Bloom color: Pink to purple

Exposure: Full sun to partial shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: Low

Fire tolerance: High

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Leathery, somewhat evergreen perennial to 10 inches, spreads by runners

Bloom color: White

Comments: Requires well-draining soils

 

You can deep dive into coastal strawberry on TWO of our blog posts, Groundcovers: the Quick, the Evergreen, the Sunny & the Shady and Strawberries for Groundcover & Snacks! (We don't pick favorites)....

Photo of Fragaria chiloensis patch in flower
Fragaria chiloensis by Mike on Wikimedia
Photo of Fragaria vesca patch with fruit in late summer
Fragaria vesca patch with fruit in late summer by H. Zell on Wikimedia

Exposure: Full sun to shade

Soil moisture: Moist

Salinity tolerance: Unknown

Fire tolerance: Unknown

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Herbaceous perennial to 12 inches, spreads by runners

Bloom color: White

 

You can deep dive into woodland strawberry on our blog post, Strawberries for Groundcover & Snacks!

Exposure: Partial shade to deep shade

Soil moisture: Moist

Salinity tolerance: Unknown

Fire tolerance: Unknown

Transplanting success: Low to medium

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Semi-woody evergreen to 4 inches with long, leafy runners (stolons)

Bloom color: White

Photo of patch of Linnaea borealis in flower
Linnaea borealis by Brian Gratwicke on Wikimedia
Photo of Polystichum munitum
Polystichum munitum by Agnieszka Kwiecień, Nova on Wikimedia

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Moist to dry

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Medium

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Evergreen fern with fronds to 5 feet, woody rhizomes

Struthiopteris spicant

Exposure: Shade

Soil moisture: Wet to moist

Salinity tolerance: None

Fire tolerance: Medium

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Moderate

Form: Evergreen fern with fronds to 2 feet

Photo of Blechnum spicant with fertile fronds
Blechnum spicant by Kerry Woods on Flickr
Photo of Tolmiea menziesii flower
Tolmiea menziesii bu Digitalbcon1 on Wikimedia

Exposure: Partial shade to shade

Soil moisture: Moist to wet

Salinity tolerance: Unknown

Fire tolerance: Unknown

Transplanting success: High

Growth rate: Rapid

Form: Herbaceous perennial to 30 inches, well-developed rhizomes

Bloom color: Pink

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