Native Plants for Wet Soils
Wet sites can be difficult to plan for.
But you can count on these water-loving plant-friends!
This article showcases plants that prefer wet soils, but each description states the range in moisture they tolerate. It is part of our Species Selection Guide where we share select collections of plants based on their ecosystem services, site condition needs, or material type.
Which Plants Prefer Wet Soils?
From seashore to lakeshore, our water-loving native plants are workhorses! These plants filter pollution, reduce erosion, and create vital habitat for fragile and endangered species.
Most coastal Pacific Northwest species that grow in or near the water require at least a few months of drying out during the growing season. Only a few emergent species can tolerate saturation year round, and even then standing water must be shallow enough to allow some greenery above the surface.
Water levels can fluctuate widely and conditions can change unpredictably, so you should monitor water levels at the site for a year before planting if you have that luxury. Even with this information, it can be difficult to predict which species will give you the best results at the water’s edge, so we recommend selecting a mix of emergents to improve your chances of making a good match.
These species lists are not comprehensive of the incredible native diversity of our Pacific Northwest region. For fuller lists of SNP favorites, see our Species Descriptions. For more complete databases, we recommend visiting our friends at the University of Washington Burke Herbarium or Washington Native Plant Society.
What Characterizes Wet Soils?
Wet/Saturated means that a plant prefers soaked or soggy soil at a regular intervals, with few and short dry periods. Sometimes total inundation. If a plant likes inundation, it is noted in the comments section.
However, wet comes in many degrees and variations. One person’s wet may be very different than another’s. Most plant descriptions include the species' prefered range. Moisture gradients can also vary by sun exposure. Be mindful of a plant's specific sun and moisture gradients when planning your project.
As plant habitats follow a continuum, there is overlap between this list, dry, and moist lists. To learn more about these classifications, visit our Species Descriptions: Terms page.
Unless otherwise stated, all plant information comes from our Species Descriptions, where we invite you to read about more plants native to our Pacific Northwest.
A Few Species that we Don't Recommend
We typically don't recommend planting highly aggressive native plants such as Douglas spirea (Spiraea douglasii), cattails (Typha latifolia), or soft rush (Juncus effusus) because they tend to form monocultures. If site conditions suit them, they will probably move in anyway.
Native Plants for Wet Soils
Plant lists are organized by layer. It is important to consider all layers in any project.
Acer macrophyllum
Exposure: Full sun to shade
Soil moisture: Wet to dry
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Deciduous large tree to 110 feet; deep, wide spreading roots
Comments: Super versatile on both the moisture and sun exposure gradients
Fraxinus latifolia
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Wet to very moist; will tolerate standing water early in growing season
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: Medium
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid given adequate moisture
Form: Deciduous tree to 80 feet; branching, moderately deep root system
You can deep dive into Oregon ash in our Plant of the Month Archive!
Frangula purshiana
Exposure: Full sun to shade
Soil moisture: Wet to dry
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: Medium
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Deciduous tree to 30 feet; fibrous, moderately deep root system with taproot
Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum. Great for riparian areas
Picea sitchensis
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Moderately wet to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: None
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Moderate to rapid
Form: Coniferous evergreen tree shrub to 200 feet; shallow, branching, shallow roots
Pinus contorta v. contorta
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Wet to dry
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: None
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Coniferous evergreen tree to 60 feet; tap root
Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum
Populus trichocarpa
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Saturated to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: None
Transplanting success: High (both container-grown & live stakes)
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Deciduous tree to 160 feet; roots are fibrous and branching, shallow or deep, and extensive
Salix lasiandra
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Saturated to moist
Salinity tolerance: Low
Fire tolerance: Medium
Transplanting success: High (both container-grown & live stakes)
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Multi-stemmed deciduous tree to 60 feet; fibrous, moderately deep and widespread root system
Comments: Good rooter, common in wetlands and riparian zones, somewhat brittle and thus more difficult to pound
Thuja plicata
Exposure: Partial shade to deep shade
Soil moisture: Wet to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: Low
Transplanting success: Medium
Growth rate: Moderate
Form: Coniferous evergreen tree to 200 feet with buttressed base; shallow, widely spreading root system
Comments: Tolerates seasonal flooding
Tsuga heterophylla
Exposure: Partial shade to deep shade
Soil moisture: Wet to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: Low
Transplanting success: Medium
Growth rate: Moderate
Form: Coniferous evergreen tree to 200 feet; shallow, slow-growing roots becoming wide-spread
You can deep dive into Western hemlock in our Plant of the Month Archive!
Shrub Layer
Cornus sericea
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Saturated to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: Low
Transplanting success: High for container-grown, low or medium for live stakes
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Deciduous large shrub or small tree, 5-20 feet depending on site conditions; fibrous, shallow root system, spreads by layering and suckers. Forms thickets
Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum
You can deep dive into red-twig dogwood in our Plant of the Month Archive!
Lonicera involucrata
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Saturated to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: Medium
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Deciduous shrub to 10 feet; branching, fibrous, shallow roots. Forms thickets
Comments: Super plant for hummingbirds and other pollinators
Physocarpus capitatus
Exposure: Full sun to shade
Soil moisture: Wet to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: None
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Deciduous shrub to 12 feet; fibrous, shallow root system, spreads by suckers and forms thickets
Comments: Very versatile along the moisture spectrum. Great for urban screening or green stormwater infrastructure and rural restoration sites alike!
Ribes divaricatum
Exposure: Partial shade to shade
Soil moisture: Wet to moist
Salinity tolerance: Unknown
Fire tolerance: Unknown
Transplanting success: Medium
Growth rate: Moderate
Form: Thorny, deciduous shrub to 8 feet; branching root system
Rosa pisocarpa
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Saturated to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: Unknown
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Deciduous shrub to 8 feet; branched root system, spreads vigorously by suckers and forms thickets
Rubus spectabilis
Exposure: Partial shade to shade
Soil moisture: Wet to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: Medium to high
Growth rate: Moderate to rapid
Form: Deciduous shrub to 12 feet; fibrous shallow roots, spreads by suckers
Comments: Needs moisture in summer, soil cannot dry out completely
You can deep dive into salmonberry in our Plant of the Month Archive!
Salix geyeriana
Exposure: Full to part sun
Soil moisture: Saturated to dry
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: Unknown
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Multi-stemmed deciduous shrub to 15 feet
Comments: Good rooter, prefers year-round saturated soil, inundated banks and muddy shores
Information sourced from OregonFlora and the USDA Plant Characteristics database in addition to our Species Selection Guide.
Salix sitchensis
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Saturated to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: High (both container-grown & live stakes)
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Deciduous shrub to 25 feet; fibrous, moderately deep and widespread roots
Comments: Good rooter, common on streams
Salix hookeriana
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Saturated to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: High (both container-grown & live stakes)
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Deciduous tree or shrub to 20 feet; fibrous, moderately deep root system
Comments: Occurs mainly within 5 miles of salt water, good rooter, long live stakes can be more wiggly than other species
Floor Layer
Athyrium filix-femina
Exposure: Partial shade to shade
Soil moisture: Wet to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: Low
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Moderate to high
Form: Deciduous fern with fronds to 6 feet, from stout rhizomes
Carex lenticularis var. lipocarpa
Exposure: Full sun
Soil moisture: Wet
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Dense tufts to 30 inches, no rhizomes
Carex obnupta
Exposure: Full sun to shade
Soil moisture: Moist to wet
Salinity tolerance: Medium
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Dense tufts to 60 inches on long, fleshy rhizomes
Comments: Shade-tolerant sedge
Carex stipata
Exposure: Full sun
Soil moisture: Wet
Salinity tolerance: Low
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Dense tufted clumps to 40 inches, no rhizomes
Carex utriculata
Exposure: Full sun
Soil moisture: Wet to shallow water
Salinity tolerance: Low
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Large, thick stems to 45 inches, arising from long rhizomes and stolons
Comments: Plant in shallow water at the lowest water level in the year
Glyceria grandis
Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil moisture: Moist to wet
Salinity tolerance: Unknown
Fire tolerance: Unknown
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Tall, single stems to 6 feet arising from creeping rhizomes
Comments: Sod forming in wet meadows
Eleocharis palustris
Exposure: Full sun
Soil moisture: Wet to shallow water
Salinity tolerance: Low
Fire tolerance: Medium
Transplanting success: Medium
Growth rate: Unknown
Form: Small clusters to 40 inches along rhizomes
Juncus acuminatus
Exposure: Full sun
Soil moisture: Wet to shallow water
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Medium to rapid
Form: Mostly tufted to 30 inches, sometimes with short rhizomes and in dense mats
Comments: Plant in 0-4" of water at the lowest water level in the year
Juncus ensifolius
Exposure: Full sun
Soil moisture: Moist to wet
Salinity tolerance: Medium
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Medium
Form: Stems to 24 inches arising from fat rhizomes, often growing in a line
Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus
Exposure: Full sun
Soil moisture: Wet to shallow water
Salinity tolerance: Low
Fire tolerance: Medium
Transplanting success: Medium
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Stout, tall stems to 10 feet, from rhizomes
Comments: Plant in 2-8" of water at the lowest water level in the year
Scirpus microcarpus
Exposure: Full sun
Soil moisture: Wet to shallow water
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: High
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Single, large stems to 5 feet, arising from rhizomes
Struthiopteris spicant
Exposure: Shade
Soil moisture: Wet to moist
Salinity tolerance: None
Fire tolerance: Medium
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Moderate
Form: Evergreen fern with fronds to 2 feet
Tolmiea menziesii
Exposure: Partial shade to shade
Soil moisture: Moist to wet
Salinity tolerance: Unknown
Fire tolerance: Unknown
Transplanting success: High
Growth rate: Rapid
Form: Herbaceous perennial to 30 inches, well-developed rhizomes
Bloom color: Pink